MAC-10
The MAC-10 (Military Armament Corporation Model 10, officially the M10) is a highly compact, blowback operated machine pistol developed by Gordon B. Ingram in 1964.
It is a simple, low-cost design with few moving parts, making it easy to manufacture and maintain.
The compactness and high rates of fire for these weapons (1,090 to 1,145 rpm for the M-10 and 1,200 rpm or more for the M-11 / M-11A1) worked against them. Their small size made them difficult to fire accurately in full auto, and this, when combined with their high rate of fire, made control challenging; this was a key factor in their never finding much success with the military. However, they did see limited service in Vietnam with Special Forces.
Besides Military Armament Corporation, MAC-10s and MAC-10 parts have been produced by RPB Industries, Cobray Company,Jersey Arms Works, and Section Five Firearms.
Design
The MAC-10 was built predominantly from steel stampings. A notched cocking handle protrudes from the top of the receiver, and by turning the handle 90° would lock the bolt, and act as an indicator that the weapon is unable to fire. The MAC-10 has a telescoping bolt, which wraps around the barrel. This allows a more compact weapon, and balances the weight of the weapon over the pistol grip where the magazine is located. The MAC-10 fires from an open bolt, and in addition, the light weight of the bolt results in a rapid rate of fire. The barrel is threaded to accept a suppressor, which worked by reducing the discharge's sound, without attempting to reduce the velocity of the bullet. At the suggestion of the United States Army, Ingram added a small bracket with a small strap beneath the muzzle to aid in controlling recoil during fully-automatic fire.
Calibers and variants
While the original MAC-10 is chambered for the .45 ACP round, the M-10 is part of a series of machine pistols, the others being: the MAC-11 / M-11A1, which is a scaled down version of the M-10 chambered in .380 ACP; and the M-11/9, which is a smaller 9mm version that has a longer receiver with a shorter profile later made by SWD (Sylvia and Wayne Daniel) and Leinad.
In the United States, fully automatic MAC-10 machine pistols are NFA articles, and probably the least expensive (relative; Approximate cost as of Q1 2009 is $3,600 US +/-) automatic weapons on the American market. A large number of semi-completed sheet metal frame flats were given serial numbers before the Firearm Owners Protection Act of 1986, and this made it possible to complete the manufacture of registered MAC-10s for the civilian market after the 1986 production freeze took effect. There were also a few thousand semi-automatic pistols and carbines that were based on the original MAC-10 design. These were made in open-bolt and later in closed-bolt designs, in response to ATF rule changes that banned semi-auto open bolt designs, beginning in the early 1980s.
Masterpiece Arms manufactures a semi-automatic variant of the MAC-10 called the MPA-10. It differs from the original MAC-10 in firing from a closed bolt, as opposed to the open-bolt mechanism of the original MAC-10. This allows for more accuracy than open-bolt fire, and the extra cooling offered by open-bolt firing is unnecessary in a semiautomatic firearm.
The MPA-10 comes in several versions. The stock model has 6" barrel (visually identical to the original MAC-10), a highly modified version which has the cocking handle on the side and has a scope mount on top is also available. One model has a 10" barrel and has an AR-15 style forearm.
Masterpiece Arms also manufactures a rifle-like variant with a 16" barrel, shoulder stock, and an AR-15 forearm just like on the 10" model. It is more of a carbine rather than a pistol, but is still based on the MAC-10.
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